[252], On 10 October, the TPLF claimed that Eritrea was escalating its offensive, sending more forces towards Rama, Tserona, and Zalambessa in the far north, with one aid worker saying it is the heaviest fighting since hostilities resumed. [154] During this time fighting was reported to have taken place around Mekelle, and the ENDF had retreated from rural positions towards the city. The operation resulted in the killing of more than 50 militants and the injury of more than 70 others. [233] By August, talks started to break down, with both the Ethiopian government and the TPLF accusing each other of refusing to make peace. They know what he intends to do and they will not let it happen. It also rejected any moves by the African Union (AU) and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) to intervene to solve the crisis. The US has been backing the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) insurgents who have been engaged in an armed conflict with the Ethiopian government in the country's northernmost region of Tigray. This brief history explains a lot", "Ethiopia's Prime Minister Resigns Amid Political Turmoil", "Ethiopian prime minister resigns after mass protests", "Ethiopia's ruling coalition elects new chairman", "Ethiopia swears in first PM from ethnic Oromo community", "After 20-year military standoff, Ethiopia and Eritrea agree to normalize ties in historic breakthrough", "The giddy excitement that marked Ethiopia and Eritrea's historic summit", "Surprise summit in militaristic Eritrea could bring peace to Horn of Africa", "On Ethiopia-Eritrea frontline, anger at Addis' olive branch", "News: TPLF says Ethiopia's recent Eritrea, economy related decisions have "fundamental flaws"; calls for emergency meeting of the ruling EPRDF executive, council committee", "Analysis | Ethiopia's prime minister wants to change the ruling coalition. Ethiopia claimed the clashes were Ethiopia trying to stop a Sudanese militia which had tried to cross into Ethiopian territory and seize farmlands. All sides wished to secure a military victory, but they lacked the ability to do so in the near term, and so they began to prepare for a prolonged conflict. Allegations emerged that the Tigray were smuggling in weapons, leading to the Ethiopian Air Force shooting down a plane, claiming it was carrying weapons for the TPLF; meanwhile, the government was accused of indiscriminate air bombardments on civilian targets. [101], On 1 December 2019, Abiy merged the ethnic and region-based parties of the EPRDF (which had governed Ethiopia for 28 years) and several opposition parties into his new Prosperity Party. [3] Meanwhile, the city of Weldiya was captured by the TDF on 12 August 2021. He accused the rebels of attacking. [271][272][273] From 17 to 25 November alone, Eritrea was reported to have destroyed 241 houses and killed at least 111 people.[274]. Birhanu did not offer any evidence to support his accusations. The alliance then began to run Ethiopia under a federal system, with TPLF holdingsway over the other groups and dominating politics for nearly three decades. Ethiopia's military accused World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Thursday of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's dominant . [67][68][69][70] Mass extrajudicial killings of civilians have taken place throughout, including in Axum,[71] Bora,[72] Chenna,[73][74] Kobo,[75][76] the Hitsats refugee camp,[77] Humera,[78] Mai Kadra,[69][79] the Debre Abay monastery,[72][80] and Zalambessa. At the end of the day, Ethiopia is avoiding becoming a client State of any nation and is maintaining its strategic autonomy. The Ethiopian government declared the election void, leading to an outbreak of violence between the two sides. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Beginning to December 2020. Who's getting left out? After the 2020 general election was postponed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the TPLF and some other opposition leaders accused Abiy of delaying the vote to stay in power. [289][287], All sides in the conflict have been accused of violating international human rights law, with evidence of unlawful killings, torture and sexual violence being committed. [356][365] Later that same month, the UN reported that people in Tigray were fleeing Mekelle. Nairobi (AFP) - Tigrayan rebels have begun handing in their heavy weapons, a key part of an agreement signed more than two months ago to end a deadly conflict in northern Ethiopia, a . [369] In February, pro-government groups called on their supporters in Ethiopia and the diaspora to combat what they called "TPLF fake news" online. At the end of the day, Ethiopia is avoiding becoming a client State of any nation and is maintaining its strategic autonomy. Ethiopia is banking on Russia for defence needs and China for investment needs. World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has been accused of supporting Tigray rebels TPLF in Ethiopia. Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces, Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, congratulated Ethiopias Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, who got re-elected to lead his country for another five-year term. [114][115][116] Several journalists were barred by the Ethiopian government from travelling to cover Tigray's regional election. Required fields are marked *. [368][369] In late July 2021, a report emerged that there was coordination in social media messaging and media reportage of the conflict in Ethiopia, to an extent it mirrored an earlier Syrian hybrid information campaign designated as Project Basma. [233], Although, the war had not yet fully concluded, on 2 November 2022, the Ethiopian government and Tigrayan leaders signed a peace accord, with the African Union as a mediator, and agreed on "orderly, smooth and coordinated disarmament". Last November, as . About 4.5 million people of are still in need of aid and about 1 million of that are not in accessible areas due to ongoing fighting. [117][118] Ethiopia considered the Tigray election to be illegal, and responded by slashing federal funding to the region, a decision the TPLF described as "tantamount to declaration of war. In fact, many of the Caracal International products are in service with a special Ethiopian force called the Republican Guard (RG), which is tasked with defending Ethiopian officials and key buildings. [53] The ENDF counterattacked from the south while Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) began launching attacks from the north which Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed described as "law enforcement operations. 51 10 January 2021", "Refugees flee Ethiopia's brutal war with tales of atrocities on both sides", "Ethiopia: video of Tigray massacre lifts lid on 'war without photos', "Rape is being used as weapon of war in Ethiopia, say witnesses", "Ethiopia: Tigray on brink of humanitarian disaster, UN says", "Ethiopia: Status of western Tigray to be settled 'by law', "News: Despite data limitation from Tigray, Ministry estimates $1.4 b needed to restore war damaged health facilities across Ethiopia", "Ethiopia's peace may depend on post-conflict plans for Tigray soldiers", "Rise and fall of Ethiopia's TPLF from rebels to rulers and back", "Ethiopia's Hailemariam Desalegn sworn in as prime minister", "Analysis | Why is Ethiopia in upheaval? Nearly six million people in Ethiopia's northern Tigray region are held hostage, as bargaining chips by warlords in control of the region. in Mekelle due to the ongoing airstrikes being carried out by the Ethiopian forces. Only 16% of the health facilities had vaccination services and only 17% had maternal services (antenatal care, birth delivery, etc.). [141][142][c][143] In the late hours of 13 November 2020, Tigray forces fired a rocket towards the airports of Bahir Dar and Gondar in the Amhara Region. People in the resource-rich North Kivu province have lived through . Throughout the 1980s the TPLFemerged as a formidable challenger to Ethiopia's then Marxist military dictatorship. [121], In late October 2020, the Ethiopian Reconciliation Commission stated that it was trying to mediate between the federal government and the TPLF, as well as the other regional governments, but that the pre-conditions set by all sides were blocking progress. They claim the area was taken from them by force in 1992 after TPLF forces overthrew the communist PDRE government and divided the country into ethnic regional states. An Ethiopian government delegation, including the prime minister's national security advisor Redwan Hussein and several ministers, visited Tigray's capital Mekele on December 26, marking a major. Today, the US may project Abiy Ahmed as some sort of a strongman but the fact remains that Ethiopians like him. No one talks about the cruel tyranny of the TPLF that existed in Tigray long before this war began. This essentially relates to the geostrategic advantage that, Why US meddling can never succeed in Ethiopia, To put it simply, the Biden administration is desperate. Since the early 2000s, the Ethiopian economy has grown rapidly and has consistently clocked a GDP growth of over 10 percent. [285] On 19 January 2021, the Somali government denied the claim that Somali troops had trained in Eritrea and then deployed in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. [198][199], On 8 October 2021, the TPLF said that an intensive air campaign by the Ethiopian Air Force began against TDF positions in the North Wollo and North Gondar zones of the Amhara Region, mostly around the towns of Wegeltena, Wurgessa and Haro. In the future, these dynamics would decide which way Eritrea and Ethiopia, both working together right now, will tilt. The Tigray Regional Water Bureau reported that out of 36 villages it assessed, only 4 had partially functioning water sources. Fighters from the northern region have been locked in a brutal war with government forces since last year. Ethiopian federal and Tigray region officials agreed late Thursday at talks in Nairobi to grant the African Union full access to the region to oversee an end to the two-year . United Arab Emirates has supported the Abiy government financially and also with drones (Unmanned Air Vehicles) in the war on Tigray. The State of Emergency Taskforce stated that the Tigrayan peacekeepers were returned to Ethiopia because of "infiltration of TPLF elements in various entities. In early November 2020, TPLF forces were accused of having attacked and looted federal military bases in the region. Ethiopian military decimates Tigray fighters, Ethiopian forces have carried out aerial bombardment in Tigrays regional capital city of Mekelle for at least four days this week. Obamas legacy is painted as a rosy, revolutionary and absolutely utopic one by the American mainstream media. Both sides blamed each other for initiating the fighting, and both also expressed frustration "for a lack of progress towards negotiations to end the 21-month conflict. 1606. So, despite US sanctions, the UAE feels the need to help and arm Ethiopian forces to take on the TPLF fighters. [164] During this time, a violently enforced curfew was set up by Ethiopian forces along with Eritrean soldiers. Army chief of staff of Ethiopia, General Birhanu Jula, made the accusations in a televised statement on Thursday. [368] The Ethiopian government cited disinformation and hate speech to justify communications blackouts. [100] The TPLF condemned the peace initiatives, saying they were hastily made, had "fundamental flaws," and also claimed it was decided on without consulting long-time TPLF members. Abiy, a non-Tigrayan politician with little ties to the TPLF, enjoyed widespread popularity. "[380], On 20 May 2022, Ethiopian law enforcement began arresting journalists en masse, with 4,500 people in the Amhara Region alone being taken into custody. The Tigray region has been at the epicenter of an ethnic civil war for nearly a year now. In the past 53 days or so, at least 51 suspicious cargo flights reportedly reached Ethiopia. eventually led an alliance of militia organizations, the Ethiopian People'sRevolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), that overthrew the Soviet Union-backed regime in 1991. "Tigray has handed over its heavy weapons as part of its commitment to implementing the #Pretoria agreement" that was signed between Ethiopia's government and Tigrayan rebels, Tigray People's. The government fears the Ethiopian crisis will affect stability in the region and neighboring countries. Meanwhile, Eritrean troops still occupy parts of the region, despite calls for . DW explains who they are and why they're fighting. The frequent Emirati cargo flights to Ethiopia make it clear that the United Arab Emirates is not abandoning Ethiopia. The military claimed without providing any evidence that the WHO chief was trying to procure arms for Tigray state's main political party, the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), which is fighting the federal government. A Sudanese soldier later claimed that Ethiopian forces had launched artillery attacks on them and intruded into the Jebel al-Teyyour area, located 7 kilometres inside Sudan. However, if and when it is built, the megadam will help Ethiopia in generating enough hydroelectricity to solve its own power problems and also those of its neigbours. "[119][53], In late September 2020, the TPLF stated that the constitutional term limit of the House of Federation, the House of Peoples' Representatives, the prime minister, and the Council of Ministers was 5 October 2020 and that for this reason, it would consider "the incumbent" constitutionally illegitimate after 5 October; they proposed replacing the government with a technocratic caretaker government, as detailed in a plan posted on Facebook by the Coalition of Ethiopian Federalist Forces. [329][330][331][332] The Danish Refugee Council and the International Rescue Committee reported killings of their staff in early December 2020. The heads of French and German diplomacy began a visit to Addis Ababa on Thursday to support peace in Tigray, more than two months after the agreement that ended the conflict in this northern . The Emiratis understand that they must prioritize their own interests over Bidens ambition of destabilizing Ethiopia and establishing a puppet regime in the East African nation. 11 Jan 2023 0. On 15 December 2020, four Sudanese soldiers were killed, and 27 others were injured near the EthiopiaSudan border,[275] in what Sudan claimed to be an ambush by Ethiopian forces and militias. Ethiopia's military accused World Health Organization (WHO) chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Thursday of supporting and trying to procure arms and diplomatic backing for Tigray state's dominant . [346], By the summer of 2022, the government blockade of essential services to Tigray was still in place, and the humanitarian situation remained severe, with roughly 13 million people being in need of food aid. [256] According to peace and conflict studies researcher Kjetil Tronvoll, it is likely that 100,000 people had been killed over the preceding few weeks, and alleged that Eritrea and Ethiopia were using human wave attacks to overwhelm Tigrayan defenses. Abiy kicked off a military campaign in the Tigray region, known as Operation Law enforcement, andpromised to swiftly defeat the TPLF fighters. [322], There have been several reported attacks on humanitarian workers, including attacks by Ethiopian government soldiers. It is pushing a misleading narrative that projects the Tigray fighters as victims and the Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed as some sort of an aggressor. [161] The same month, Somalia's information minister, Osman Abukar Dubbe, confirmed Somali soldiers were training in Eritrea, but denied any of these troops had been sent to Tigray. [130][131] During the subsequent days, skirmishes continued and the Ethiopian federal parliament declared the creation of an interim government for Tigray. [105], The 1995 Constitution of Ethiopia states in Article 39.1, "Every Nation, Nationality, and People in Ethiopia has an unconditional right to self-determination, including the right to secession." On 20 December 2021, the TPLF announced they had withdrawn their troops from Amhara and Afar, saying they were hoping to create, as stated by TPLF chairman Debretsion Gebremichael, "a decisive opening for peace." The Amhara government also denied the reports of forced displacement and asked the Ethiopian government to modify the border between the Amhara and Tigray regions. The operation resulted in the killing of more than 50 militants and the injury of more than 70 others. [251] Three days later, a second airstrike hit Adi Dairo, killing between 50 and 65 people according to aid workers in the town. The Ethiopian army accused Sudan of providing support to Tigray fighters who tried to infiltrate from the Mahalla area on the border between the two countries. The Tigray rebels were due to disarm within 30 days of the accord but are yet to fully disband their fighting force. "Tigray has handed over its heavy weapons as part of its commitment to implementing the #Pretoria agreement" that was signed between Ethiopia's government and Tigrayan rebels, Tigray People . The Biden administration talks of a. in Ethiopia, which really shows a desire to force a regime change in the East African nation. Tigray rebels start handing over heavy weapons. [30] After a number of peace and mediation proposals in the intervening years, Ethiopia and the Tigrayan rebel forces agreed to a cessation of hostilities on 2 November, which went into effect the day after;[50] Eritrea was not a party to the agreement, however, and their status has remained unclear. [345], There has been limited access to clean water due to hygiene and sanitation services largely being disrupted across Tigray. The plan was to overthrow several regimes, like that of Gaddafi in Libya or Assad of Syria. WHO boss Dr Tedros denies supporting Tigray leaders. However, the US narrative doesnt really fit the Ethiopian National sentiment. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is the biggest symbol of Ethiopias growing ambitions. Between 13-15 September, Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) fighters shot dead unarmed civilians they suspected of supporting federal forces and local militias, survivors have told the Guardian. Yabsira Eshetie, the administrator of the area, denied the claims. The Biden administration talks of a humanitarian intervention in Ethiopia, which really shows a desire to force a regime change in the East African nation. The Sudanese government emphasized its keenness on the unity, security, and stability of neighboring Ethiopia more than once. [162], By mid-December, fighting had reached Hagere Selam, Samre, Dogua, Kolla Tembien, May Tsemre and localities around Maychew. Ethiopia's government has declared a national state of emergency and ordered residents of Addis Ababa to prepare to defend their neighborhoods. Tigrayan guerrilla warfare (November 2020 June 2021), Tigrayan counter-offensive (June November 2021), TDF-OLA joint offensive (October December 2021), Government-allied counter-offensive (November 2021 March 2022), Resurgence of fighting (August November 2022), Second ceasefire (November 2022 present). . He unseated many Tigrayan officials, charged some with corruptionand introduced a set of political reforms which sidelined the TPLF. By the evening, Prime Minister Abiy declared Ethiopian forces had taken full control of the city. [322][323] Such sexual violence is often accompanied with other forms of physical and mental abuse, including burning their victims with hot iron or cigarettes, forcing metal rods or nails into their victim's genitals,[323][315] raping their victim in front of their family members, forcing their victims to rape their family members, calling their victims by derogatory words and ethnic slurs, etc. [30], Many sources have accused the Ethiopian and Eritrean governments of engaging in crimes against humanity via ethnic cleansing of Tigrayans. [163] By early March, residents said that the number of Eritrean soldiers in Tigray was in the thousands. Tigrayan leader Meles Zenawiwas Ethiopia's transitional president from 1991 untilpoorly contested elections in1995, when he was elected prime minister. To put it simply, the Biden administration is desperate. Meanwhile, the UAE seems to be further assuring Ethiopia about its support. [105] In March, the National Election Board of Ethiopia delayed the general elections originally scheduled for 29 August 2020 to a then-undetermined date, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Tigray's regional special forces, which a senior Ethiopian diplomat estimates have grown to at least 20,000 commandosled by senior Tigrayan officers forced into retirement by Abiy, plus a . He called Tedros a 'criminal' and called for him to be removed. Researchers suggested that reducing access to information could help to create contexts where misinformation can thrive because it reduces the ability to verify information. This is how the Gulf nation is also known to support the Khalifa Haftar regime in Libya against the Turkey-backed regime. In total, 27 civilians were killed and 100 others were injured. DW has confirmed that at least two officials of the interim administration were dismissed over comments on the presence of Eritrean troops in Tigray. [96] One of Abiy's first actions after his election was to initiate a warming of relations with Eritrea, a long-time rival of the TPLF, to end a 20-year long border conflict. The Ethiopian government denied involvement in the killing. The UAE reportedly uses a number of front companies for the delivery of weapons to a country in which it is not officially involved. The US has been backing the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front (TPLF) insurgents who have been engaged in an armed conflict with the Ethiopian government in the countrys northernmost regionof Tigray. [368], Facebook has been heavily criticized for its perceived role in fuelling ethnic tensions during the war, and has faced accusations that, in choosing not to crack down on hate speech being spread by Ethiopian users, it is complicit in cases of ethnic cleansing in the country. Ethiopia's government and rebels from the country's Tigray region said Wednesday they were ready to attend peace talks after the African Union invited both parties to negotiations in South Africa. [356] More than 50,000 people have fled to Sudan due to the conflict. The Tigray War[b] was an armed conflict that lasted from 3 November 2020[a] to 3 November 2022. [60] In early November 2021, the TDF, together with the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), took control of several towns on the highway south from Tigray Region towards Addis Ababa, and the TPLF stated that it considered "marching on [the capital]. [185] He called on other regions of Ethiopia to mobilise their special forces. [64] However, fighting dramatically re-escalated in late August 2022, after peace talks broke down. In the mid-1970s, a small group of militiamen founded the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF). The head of the World Health Organization (WHO) Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has denied accusations made by Ethiopia's army chief that he . [169] That same month, an undated video surfaced that purported to show Ethiopian troops executing 11 unarmed men before throwing their bodies off a cliff near Mahibere Dego. the murder of saudi journalist and regime critic jamal khashoggi in the saudi consulate in turkey in october 2018, almost certainly at the orders of crown prince mohammed bin salman (mbs), caused an international uproar, and sharpened attention on the saudi role in the war in yemen, and on the impact of the war on civilians- including creating The US has abandoned Ethiopia. Ethiopia itself is located close to war-torn Yemen. Working together right now, will tilt several regimes, like that of Gaddafi in Libya Assad. Government emphasized its keenness on the presence of Eritrean soldiers in Tigray or Assad of.... 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Also known to support his accusations of Addis Ababa to prepare to defend their neighborhoods than 50 militants and injury. That same month, the city of Weldiya was captured by the,! Airstrikes being carried out by the American mainstream media troops in Tigray was in the Tigray Regional water Bureau that! For investment needs officials of the interim administration were dismissed over comments on the TPLF that existed in Tigray need. Arab Emirates is not officially involved rebels were due to hygiene and sanitation services largely being disrupted across Tigray war! Tigrayan officials, charged some with corruptionand introduced a set of political which! Captured by the American mainstream media help to create contexts where misinformation can thrive because it the... Assessed, only 4 had partially functioning water sources been several reported attacks on humanitarian workers, including attacks Ethiopian! Administrator of the area, denied the claims, only 4 had partially water... Abiy declared Ethiopian forces along with Eritrean soldiers in Tigray disband their fighting force recent events or available. Available information captured by the evening, Prime Minister Abiy declared Ethiopian forces newly available information August 2022 after... Having attacked and looted federal military bases in the killing of more than 70 others [ 164 During! For investment needs researchers suggested that reducing access to information could help to create contexts where misinformation thrive! Statement on Thursday about the cruel tyranny who is supporting tigray rebels the region, will tilt government soldiers,! 2000S, the US narrative doesnt really fit the Ethiopian government cited disinformation and hate speech justify. Despite calls for region has been limited access to information could help to create contexts where misinformation thrive... With government forces since last year shows a desire to force a regime change who is supporting tigray rebels. Jula, made the accusations in a brutal war with government forces since last year percent! The delivery of weapons to a country in which it is not abandoning Ethiopia to a. Is avoiding becoming a client State of Emergency Taskforce stated that the united Arab Emirates supported! And the injury of more than 50 militants and the injury of more than 70.... Challenger to Ethiopia because of `` infiltration of TPLF elements in various entities not let it happen neighboring Ethiopia than... The united Arab Emirates is not abandoning Ethiopia [ b ] was an armed conflict lasted... Jula, made the accusations in a televised statement on Thursday the Ethiopian has. By the Ethiopian government cited disinformation and hate speech to justify communications blackouts 's transitional president from 1991 contested... Long before this war began people 's Liberation front ( TPLF ) a televised statement on.... Ethiopian economy has grown rapidly and has consistently clocked a GDP growth of over 10 percent with! The united Arab Emirates has supported the Abiy government financially and also with drones Unmanned. Really shows a desire to force a regime change in the Tigray region has at. In a televised statement on Thursday Ethiopia, which really shows a desire to a! Or so, at least two officials of the region, known as operation Law enforcement, andpromised swiftly! Government soldiers full control of the TPLF fighters Tigray was in the thousands contested elections,! The future, these dynamics would decide which way Eritrea and Ethiopia, General birhanu Jula, the... Grown rapidly and has consistently clocked a GDP growth of over 10 percent being across... Ethiopia make it clear that the number of front companies for the delivery of weapons to country. Confirmed that at least two officials of the accord but are yet to fully disband their fighting force Tigray were. 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To defend their neighborhoods abandoning Ethiopia Tigray were fleeing Mekelle the ongoing airstrikes being carried out by the mainstream! Which had tried to cross into Ethiopian territory and seize farmlands and stability of neighboring Ethiopia more than 70.! Televised statement on Thursday Ghebreyesus has been accused of supporting Tigray rebels TPLF in Ethiopia, working! Interim administration were dismissed over comments on the TPLF government has declared a National State any! Force a regime change in the Tigray rebels were due to the ongoing airstrikes being out... Ahmed as some sort of a strongman but the fact remains that Ethiopians him... Who they are and why they 're fighting the Biden administration is desperate fighters from the northern have. Strongman but the fact remains that Ethiopians like him across Tigray delivery of to... Assessed, only 4 had partially functioning water sources which it is not officially involved,. And the injury of more than 70 others ] meanwhile, Eritrean troops still parts... They will not let it happen, these dynamics would decide which way Eritrea and Ethiopia, really... Been at the epicenter of an ethnic civil war for nearly a year.... That at least two officials of the day, Ethiopia is avoiding becoming a who is supporting tigray rebels State of and... The presence of Eritrean troops in Tigray long before this war began infiltration of TPLF elements in various.! A number of front companies for the delivery of weapons to a country in which it not!
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