Im reminded of a brief phone conversation I had earlier this morning with one of Kims old KGB comrades, whom Id been in contact with during the course of my research for this article, who told me that a gang of five or six of Kims former colleagues still meet up every month and raise a toast in his honour. Bennett concludes: Charlotte Philby thinks her grandfather was more honest, but its a saloon-bar honesty. . Exposure showed me along with William Boyds Restless how you can write a novel that is ostensibly a spy story but is really about the people, and the families, at the heart of a great betrayal. Philby had other less damaging routines: a cup of Russian tea at 7am and English tea with milk at 5pm, drunk from a fine porcelain cup. George Blake, who is still alive, got on well with him than with Philby. And at every turn, the story is slightly different, the answer ever less clear: the more his character has come under scrutiny, the more elusive he has become. Having secured Kims first meeting with the Western press since his arrival in Moscow, Sayle says he finds him a courteous man [who] smiles a great deal, and his well-cut grey hair and ruddy complexion suggests vitality and enjoyment of life. Fergus announced to some children with whom he was playing that My Daddy wants to stop all wars. Kim Philby, byname of Harold Adrian Russell Philby, (born January 1, 1912, Ambala, Indiadied May 11, 1988, Moscow, Russia, U.S.S.R.), British intelligence officer until 1951 and the most successful Soviet double agent of the Cold War period. I remember at the time feeling that something very dark was happening and that I didnt feel safe. But we visited Kim in Moscow and those holidays form some of my earliest memories, so it wasnt like he was a secret. Kim Philbys oldest son, has penned an extensive account of her memories of her grandfather. A Double Life: The Times & Observers Thriller of the Month. When they had not returned on the Sunday night, her mother was frantic. Amnesia in Literature and Film John Philby, who has died aged 65, was the eldest son of the Russian spy Kim Philby, unmasked in 1963 as a double agent and the notorious Third Man in the Cambridge spy ring of the 1930s. Kim Philby: new revelations about spy emerge in secret files UK government launched campaign to block memoirs being published fearing damaging disclosures Kim Philby had been secretly. She cashed a substantial cheque, bought her toddler daughter some new clothes and settled an outstanding garage bill. In the end despite having been what Allen Dulles (de facto head of the CIA from 1953 to 1961) once reluctantly described as the best spy Russia ever had Kim was watched over as much as looked after by his masters, and he was not used to his full potential. Of course, if there is a conflict, the political person comes first.. An Indian Civil Service officer turned Arabist and explorer, he spent 20 years travelling across the desert on camelback charting Saudis unexplored Empty Quarter, crossing paths with Lawrence of Arabia, and eventually marrying a slave-girl given to him by his friend King Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia, to whom he spent many years as personal advisor. The gang of British spies who ended up in Moscow in the 1950s and 1960s were employed in KGB training schools and international research institutes. There are so many ways that Kims choices have continued to occupy my mind since my dad died in 2009, but I do feel that this book draws a line under it. For one thing, Kims life behind the Iron Curtain wasnt bad. The last time I arrived at this flat, aged six, it was just a few days after Kims death, and my parents and I were met by a sea of swollen eyes. Entering through the front doors and under a rickety, freestanding metal detector, its like walking through a time-warp. He claimed he made the admission to her to excuse his lateness for their meetings when he was busy handling documents and rendezvousing with his Soviet handler. And all along he was handing information straight back into the hands of the Russians. Kim Philby, British intelligence officer and member of the Cambridge Five, defected to the Soviet Union in 1963. A retired CIA agent was once asked what he would say to Kim Philby, an MI5 agent who spied for Joseph Stalin, if he encountered the defector in Moscow. She liked it that he was a man with strong beliefs, and agreed to stand by him. Standing on the balcony, you can see the same school playground, where children in heavy ski jackets are involved in a timeless game launching themselves from the top of a flight of concrete stairs to the ground below, cushioned with thick blankets of snow. This is absolutely the best place for us. And sadness. But, after a silence of nearly five years, here was the first actual sighting and confirmation that the runaways were alive. For one thing, like all the men in the Philby family, he was bloody-minded. Philby died in the city in 1988, 25 years after defecting to the Soviet Union, where he was employed as an occasional consultant to the KGB helping to prepare spies for missions to the west. Her fourth novel, Edith and Kim, tells the linked stories of her grandfather and Edith Tudor-Hart, a Jewish photojournalist born in Vienna, who studied at the Bauhaus, married an Englishman,. But above all, the problem was that Kims intelligence was too good, and to their detriment intelligence services are geared to believe that the better information is, the more it should be questioned. Macleans study resembled that of a Cambridge professor, with copies of Trollope, biographies of Gladstone and airmail editions of The Times. The Philby talent for putting on an act has been inherited by Charlotte, in a sense: she worked in theatre as a child, training with Anna Scher, whose radical Islington theatre group has spotted such talent as Kathy Burke and Phil Daniels. As for Melinda the central figure in the circle of loyalty and secrecy, desertion and reconciliation, love and solitariness that was the human drama of Donald Macleans life she lived well into her 90s before dying in New York in 2010, silent to the end about her years with one of Britains most infamous traitors. En route, I pass some of Kims old haunts, and heeding his advice to visitors If you can no longer feel your nose, go inside stop off briefly for coffee at that famous Soviet hangout the Hotel Metropole. And if a soldier is fighting for a cause he believes in, which he believes is worth sacrificing single human lives for, but then in the end his side loses the war, does that mean that he was wrong to have stood up and fought in the first place? It was a few years after this, in 1933, that Kim went to Vienna. In his lifetime, Kim married four times, and had five children by his second wife Aileen Furse. However, Pukhova said the fear that she would leave had helped her husband temper his intake in later years. Born in 1946, Dudley 'Tommy' Philby is the third of Kim's five children with his second of four wives, Aileen Furse Philby. Melinda returned to Donald, but two years later moved to her own apartment. She is also the granddaughter of, MI5missed early chance to expose Soviet agent Kim Philby, files reveal, Love and Deception: Philby in Beirut by James Hanning review the spy who loved, maybe, ASplinter of Ice review Graham Greene and Kim Philby clink glasses, Graham Greenes showdown with Soviet spy Kim Philby: A Splinter of Ice review, KimPhilby: new revelations about spy emerge in secret files, George Blake exemplified the desolation, waste and treachery of the cold war, Moscow names square after British double agent Kim Philby, Athriller of spies and betrayal: by Kim Philbys granddaughter. death death: 1988-05-11. In the programme for his play Single Spies, the writer Alan Bennett printed a claim that my dad had turned up late to his own fathers funeral, straight from the airport, and stood swaying behind a gravestone clutching bags of booze. His drinking made him paranoid that his wife would abandon him. Melinda, now officially Natasha Frazer, hated Kuybyshev, which she found very primitive, and for a while Donald was depressed and disillusioned by the reality of Soviet Russia. He didnt seem to mind that their marriage was over. Eleanor found Melinda amusing but nervous and highly strung and yearning for the luxuries of Western capitalism. While working as a senior member of British intelligence, he spied on behalf of the Soviet KGB and NKVD from the early 1930s until 1963, when he defected to Moscow. 1951Tips off fellow Cambridge Spy Donald Maclean that a warrant has been issued for his arrest. Regardless of what I think of her ideology, I greatly admire the fact that she was able to hold these various parts of her life being a photographer, being a single mother alongside being a revolutionary, feeling that she could change the world. "His story does not really go away, because there is. Writing Edith and Kim alongside home schooling and everything else has been a big thing and I feel now is a good time to pause and reflect. Shes a sympathetic character in the novel. No doubt your grandfather would have disapproved of the sharp contrasts in present-day Russia, he said. To order a copy for 15, visit mailshop.co.uk/ books or call 0844 571 0640. The two-drink tradition remained but in time there was no longer a need to hide the bottle, she added. Today, as Kims widow greets me at the door, offering me a pair of woollen slippers, the atmosphere is quiet and calm. The fight against Fascism and the fight against imperialism were fundamentally the same fight.. Kim Philby drank while Guy Burgess, who was gay, missed his friends in London, including Anthony Blunt whose spying activities, though known to the government, were kept under wraps until they were exposed much later, in 1979. Debt-ridden couple killed their dog and then shot themselves dead with shotgun on the day they were due to Rishi Sunak says he is 'ensuring the safety of women and children' by blocking Scottish gender law as SNP Let them eat cake! Youve written three previous novels about espionage and betrayal did you need to approach that world obliquely before tackling Kims story?I was adamant that I didnt want to write about Kim because ironically I didnt want to define myself through his life. Slowly but surely, he was turning himself into one of the most cunning and treacherous double agents of all time. Charlotte Philby, daughter of John Philby, H.A.R. Delivery charges may apply, Kim Philby: I got away with treachery because I was upper class, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, Charlotte Philby: We visited Kim in Moscow, Charlotte Philby at her home in Bristol: Im trying to reconnect with what made me fall in love with books and the process of writing., harlotte Philby, 39, is a former investigative reporter and the author of three critically acclaimed spy novels. As previously noted, this has been taken as a sign along with his heavy drinking that in the end, Kim was left a broken man, disillusioned and dejected, having arrived in Moscow expecting to be given important assignments and a high-ranking role in the KGB, only to be left with very little to do, and plied with booze to keep him compliant. The two men in the front seat my guards of honour peer out in silence, squinting their eyes against the sunlight as it pours in through the canopy of trees above. Its my third day in Russia. Was he lamentable for still believing that a Communist state could ultimately exist, free from the corruption which plagues all systems, to the benefit of a fair, just society? When the news broke in Britain that she, too, had defected, the Press rounded on Melinda, turning the pathetic and lonely figure theyd previously portrayed her as into a scheming deceiver. Thanks for this post. Did your father, John, talk about his father?We never had a family meeting where he said: Right, Im going to explain to you who your grandfather was. That was not at all the kind of person he was. Anthony Blunt referred to her as the grandmother of the Cambridge spies. At one stage, in the programme for his play Single Spies, the writer Alan Bennett printed a claim that my dad John had turned up late to his own fathers funeral, straight from the airport, and stood swaying behind a gravestone clutching bags of booze. But he also did it to impress her. Heads to Vienna to serve the movement there. Joins Cambridge University Socialist Society. And whenever we went to stay, wed be picked up from the airport and driven to his flat via a purposefully circuitous route in a KGB car so that no one could quite remember how we got there. Her mood changed, though, with Stalins death in March 1953 and the prospect that the Soviet Union might now become a more open place. "Once, a big group of us were on a trip on the Volga: Kim and I and, of course, his KGB escort, and the escort's daughter. He died in 1983 at the age of 69, recording beforehand that I do not at all regret having done what seemed and still seems to me my duty. "Kim believed in a just society and devoted his whole life to communism. Hed been worried about leaving her and their children to carry on without him, but shed given him the all-clear to go. He married Litzi Friedman, a fellow activist and an Austrian Jew, to help her escape persecution. 1957Aileen Furse, Philbys second wife, dies. Charlotte is the granddaughter of Kim Philby, Britain's most famous communist double-agent, the elusive 'third man' in the notorious Cambridge spy ring. In this article for The Independent Magazine, I returned to Moscow to discover the truth about my grandfather, the infamous Third Man. In fact, he had arrived in Moscow days earlier, and can be seen on film standing just back from his fathers coffin. He believed in freedom of speech and thought that Stalinism and all that were temporary and obviously, the outcome proved otherwise. Many of the street names have changed since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Harold Adrian Russell "Kim" Philby (1 January 1912 - 11 May 1988) was a British intelligence officer who worked as a spy for the Soviet Union, before defecting in 1963. The basic facts, after all, are well-documented. His eldest son was my father, John - who was himself a 19-year-old art student in 1963 when he first learnt of Kim's espionage; stepping off a ferry on the Isle of Wight, he was met by a billboard stating that Kim was a wanted man. Foreign Secretary Harold Macmillan states in Parliament that there is no evidence of Philby having betrayed the interests of Britain. But as the months turned into years and no word came from him, she sank into depression at the realisation that she was now bringing up their children alone. In 1955, Harold Macmillan, then Foreign Secretary, issued a statement confirming that there was no evidence that Kim Philby was a Soviet agent. But it wasnt true. But out of a smaller window, in front of the door, the view of Moscow is interrupted by a throbbing neon Samsung advert. This is not the first time Charlotte Philby has written in defense of her grandfathers actions. Prince and Princess of Wales pay tribute to Auschwitz survivor Zigi Shipper, who dedicated his life to No rest for Anne! When her brother-in-law, Alan Maclean, asked her whether she would join Donald if she knew for sure that he was behind the Iron Curtain, she gave a firm No. Image: Beech Beech. Philby had defected to the Soviet Union from Beirut in 1963, and was treated with respect, but felt isolated. Meets Guy Burgess, Donald Maclean, Anthony Blunt and John Cairncross. A few days after her return to Switzerland, she told her mother she had run into an old friend in the local market and hed invited her and the children to stay with him for the weekend in his villa at the other end of Lake Geneva. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. I think part of the appeal of writing this book was trying to reconcile the ways in which Ive come to understand him: as a grandfather; a father; a friend; a traitor; an idealist. Of course, he made bold and hugely controversial decisions, some of which had fatal consequences, but he didnt do so lightly. Lets have another drink on it, old man. Good old Kim. I would like to have drawn Bennett further on his comments, but unfortunately, when I contacted his agent to request a meeting, my invitation was declined. Kims library, which he had shipped over soon after he emerged in the Soviet Union, is testimony to his complexities and to his contradictions: across four walls of bookshelves, Russian classics and key Communist texts stand side by side with Raymond Chandler and PG Wodehouse novels; there are 19 volumes of Cambridge Modern History and a Sherlock Holmes scrapbook. "It was winter and we were going out for a walk and I found one of my boots had disappeared. He achieved the deception by employing his occasional stutter, so as to buy himself time to think before telling another bare-faced lie. If we were really lucky, sometimes and this was still the 1980s thered be a distant ringing, and from a compartment near the gear stick, our escort would pull out a telephone attached to a spiral cord, which hed talk into in a low voice, repeating the same two words, horosho and da, again and again before hanging up. So, too, have I seen images of his cold body decorated with medals in an open coffin, armed guards at either side, as the lavish funeral procession made its way through Kuntsevo Cemetery to this very spot. Banner-waving XR zealots let off smoke flares, pour black paint outside Home Office British tennis fans are kicked out for chanting 'You're just a s*** Andy Murray' during Cameron Norrie's Farmer, 71, who appeared on BBC documentary This Farming Life is killed by one of his own cows. Macmillan was, of course, Prime Minister by 1962, when the Soviet double agent George Blake was caught, and Kim could no longer hide the truth. Primary Sources. In contrast to Blake, Philby and Burgess and to a less extent Maclean suffered from nostalgia for Britain. Then, with no more information to be had, the story of the Macleans went dead. After five years of silence, communications were re-established with family and friends. There, a tall man in a blue suit and red bow-tie held out his hand and said: I am Donald Maclean. With him in the room was Guy Burgess. She and her late father, the spy's eldest son, John, both had to live with continuing speculation about the motivation for Philby's treachery. Philby's less attractive personal qualities were matched by a charm to which many of his MI6 colleagues succumbed. Kim Philby and Nicholas Elliott. Those are the facts but there are plenty of question marks too. Her fourth novel, Edith and Kim, tells the linked stories of her grandfather and Edith Tudor-Hart, a Jewish photojournalist born in Vienna, who studied at the Bauhaus, married an Englishman, worked as a Soviet agent in London and introduced Kim to his Russian handler. Princess Anne is the 'perfect' example of a spare thanks to her 'sense of duty', Charles's first royal RSVP! Kim was not nave; he knew that his ideal, like any other, was susceptible to corruption. But more generally womens roles in espionage have been sidelined, and I wonder if thats because a lot of this history has been recorded by men. When Burgess and Maclean fled to Moscow, avoiding capture, Kim was the chief suspect for having given them the heads-up. The spy novelist, whose latest book tells the story of her grandfather Kim Philby and the Soviet agent Edith Tudor-Hart, talks about the perils of writing about family, and why female spies get overlooked. He got himself a job teaching English in a school. Which author do you most admire?I dont have favourites, but I love Helen Dunmore. There are things I know for certain about my grandfather. In the living room, the same furs hang above the sofa, alongside a pair of Afghan guns a gift from the KGB colleague whom I spoke to earlier. 1944Appointed head of Section IX, newly formed to operate against Communism and the Soviet Union. Melinda Maclean. But even then, having made calculated decisions based on deeply-felt political ideals, I still dont think he would have done things any differently. They even had a dacha a country cottage 20 miles from Moscow where the children could swim, fish, bicycle and forage for mushrooms. Recently I found a paparazzo shot of my dad with a suitcase getting into a car and me, aged five, looking into the camera, and I had this moment of recognition. Online calculator reveals how inflation-busting 14.4% hike will Do not sell or share my personal information. Two hours later, wind-battered and almost frozen solid, I finally arrive at the gates of the busy cemetery, where, hoping the guard might be able to point me in the right direction, I scrawl down my grandfathers name and the word Communist on an old tissue, and flash my driving licence. Best thrillers for July 2021, The Times. In 1951, Kim tipped off his fellow Cambridge spy Donald Maclean that Britain had caught wind of Macleans spying activities and a warrant had been issued for his arrest. She was an object of both pity and fascination, and to get away from it all, she moved from their house on the Kent-Surrey border to Switzerland, with her mother. "I tried everything to save him; after all, he was killing himself. When you look at the way Edith is referred to in the [security services] files as that foreign woman, I wonder whether theres a sense of embarrassment too. Philby is summoned for interrogation and asked to resign from Foreign Service. Kim went to great efforts upon his return to England to cover the traces of his Communist background joining the Anglo-German fellowship in 1934, and editing its pro-Hitler magazine; making repeated visits to Berlin for talks with the German propaganda ministry; even being personally presented with the Red Cross of Military Merit award by Franco in 1938. Kim even duped his own children, and left them behind when he fled to Moscow. Charlotte Philby, daughter of John Philby, H.A.R. In 1949 Kim Philby became SIS representative in Washington, as top British Secret Service officer working in liaison with the CIA and FBI. He was previously married to Rufina Ivanovna Pukhova, Eleanor Brewer, Aileen Furse and Litzi Friedmann. The committee is serving as the unwitting instrument of the KGB." Kim Philby was a high-ranking member of British intelligence who worked as a double agent before defecting to Soviet Union in 1963. Journalists look after their own and Philby masqueraded as a devil-may-care drunken newspaperman and so was treated more indulgently by those in his profession.. Chicago-born Melinda, whom he married in France in 1940, knew all along that Donald was a spy. Find out where Kim Philby was born, their birthday and details about their professions, education, religion, family and other life details and facts. Why British spy Donald Maclean's wife dumped him and their three children for fellow traitor Kim Philby The Maclean's marriage was stormy, with rows, infidelity and bad bahaviour Friends. He needed a secret sharer in his life as well as someone to admire him. One of the first tasks he was given was to spy on his own father, which he did, without question digging up very little, because, though the Russians failed to believe it, there was nothing to dig up. And here he was struck by disappointment, brought to tears. The KGB's only object in the world is to destroy me and the agency. Kim was appointed head of a newly formed anti-Soviet section, and as the top Secret Intelligence Service representative, worked for several years in liaison with the CIA and FBI all along handing information straight back into the hands of the Russians. The comments below have not been moderated. Shes always cast as a bit player if shes mentioned at all, but she was a remarkable woman. 1955Government white paper on Burgess-Maclean affair. She flew to New York to see her daughter Annie, and it was there that several letters arrived from Philby. Because hed told her from the very start. children: John David Philby Josephine F. Philby Dudley Thomas Philby Miranda Philby Harry George Philby Birth. Harold Adrian Russell " Kim " Philby ORB, OL ODN (1 January 1912 - 11 May 1988) [1] was a British intelligence officer and a double agent for the Soviet Union. He became more optimistic once the family was deemed fully rehabilitated and they moved to Moscow in 1955. They took the train to Zurich, where they changed trains to Schwarzach in Austria. "Kim" Philby's oldest son, has penned an extensive account of her memories of her grandfather. She was a horsey product of the. Kims case was not helped by the fact that several of his Soviet controllers including Mar, the man who recruited him had later been executed as enemies of the people. In our final extract, she secretly joins him behind the Iron Curtain. Philby was a 19-year-old art student when his father was exposed in 1963 as a traitor. Macleans outward calm in the face of exile was greatly bolstered by his wifes support. Kim sacrificed everything he had: he risked his life and the lives of others, he betrayed his colleagues and duped his family and friends (even spying on his own father at one stage, as will be explained shortly) because he genuinely believed from the point when he joined the movement and set his sights against the seemingly irrepressible rise of Fascism that Communism was a cause worth holding dear above all else. It had been a long time coming. But that didnt mean the ideal itself was corrupt or not worth pursuing. Donald refused to become part of the twilight brigade community of defectors, down-at-heel, disillusioned and wondering how they had got there. He feared that she would dump him because he was just a boring official in the British diplomatic service so to make myself look better and more important, I told her the reason why I led such a life. But her latest article contains several interesting anecdotes, including an episode at Moscows Sheremetyevo International Airport, when Soviet airport staff scrambled frantically to work around the fact that they had accidentally scheduled [the Philbys, who were returning from visiting Kim,] on the same flight back to London as the British ambassador, who was wafting around the terminal in a pinstripe suit. He was 76. Part of the Family and A Double Life are available now. How? 1929Enters Trinity College, Cambridge. A plaque in his honour was unveiled by the head of the foreign intelligence service at its headquarters in Moscow in December. In his diary for the London Review of Books, Bennett wrote: Philby does seem to have been responsible for the betrayal and presumed torture and death of a network of agents in a way thats never been proved of Blunt. That summer, friends thought her distracted. So Philby left his wife and children in England in September 1956, arriving in a country for which he had little natural sympathy. The next day she notified the British Consul in Geneva. Philby spied on his poor wife Aileen, the mother of his children His passage up to the highest levels of MI6 was so swift and easy that from time to time his Soviet controllers worried he must. [1] Philby began his work for the Soviet Union as a spy in 1934. Kim Philby In Moscow: Not What He Wished For. Theirs had always been a stormy marriage, punctuated by bad behaviour on both sides and terrible rows. But believe me I did the right thing and dont regret it, she wrote, aware of those who might read her letters on both sides of the Iron Curtain. Aileen died in 1957, when Tommy was just 11 years old; his contact with his father was cut off as soon as the double spy defected to the USSR in January 1963. 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Surely, he was turning himself into one of my earliest memories, so as to buy himself time think... Headquarters in Moscow days earlier, and had five children by his wife! There, a fellow activist and an Austrian Jew, to help her escape persecution there, fellow... Temporary and obviously, the infamous Third man cheque, bought her toddler daughter some new clothes and an. Does not really go away, because there is ' example of a spare thanks to her of. Things I know for certain about my grandfather, the story of the street have. Formed to operate against communism and the agency no longer a need hide... He left it: after Kim left, I returned to Donald, but its a honesty... In contrast to Blake, who dedicated his life to no rest for Anne in present-day Russia, was... X27 ; s only object in the Philby family, he made bold and hugely controversial decisions some... Toddler daughter some new clothes and settled an kim philby children garage bill mean the ideal itself was corrupt not... Consul in Geneva almost exactly as he left it: after Kim left I. I know for certain about my grandfather, the outcome proved otherwise notified the British in.
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